One of the options for urinary tract inflammation - cystitis - this 80% disease is considered a female disease, due to the anatomical characteristics of the female body.
In women, the bladder should be more often empty than in men, and is also more sensitive to attack by various germs, bacteria and viruses that can cause cystitis in women.
The symptoms and treatment of this disease depend directly on a number of factors, the nature of the process, the localization, the pathogen of the infection and are classified by:
- According to the localization of the inflammatory process in the urinary system - there may be an damage to the mucosa, muscle or submucosal layer of the bladder.
- By the nature of the course of the disease - acute or chronic.
- According to morphological changes - catarral, cystic, ulcerative, hemorrhagic, granulomatous, tumor -shaped, etc.
- According to the pathogen, it can be bacterial (E. coli, staphylococcus, streptococcus, ureapaplasma, mycoplasma, gonorrhea, mycobacterium of tuberculosis, etc.), viral, fungi and non -bacterial (allergic, drugs, toxic, chemical), can be caused by protozoan infections).
With cystitis - which doctor to contact?
Cystitis persists quite with pain, rapid urination, burning and sharp pain after emptying, with a constant feeling of bladder flow, low body temperature, sometimes even with a mixture of blood and mucus in the urine.If the woman has the symptoms listed, which doctor to contact?
With cystitis in women, to clarify the diagnosis, first of all, you should contact the urologist, as it is this doctor who is engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of cystitis, for examination it is necessary to obtain urine analysis - general analysis, for bacterial planting by nechiporenko, do an ultrating study of the bladder and cystoscopy.
Moreover, a gynecologist should be visited, as cystitis can often be caused not only by banal bacteria but also combined with sexually transmitted infections, therefore, the examination of the gynecologist and the delivery of a stain on the study of the vaginal microflora is also necessary.With cystitis in women, treatment includes both antibiotics and uroseptic, sometimes the doctor can be prescribed by bladder institution as well as physiotherapy.
Causes of cystitis in women
Most often, the cause of cystitis in women are infectious agents, as the narrow location of the vagina, anus, short and wide urethra is located for the penetration of various pathogenic microorganisms into the adhesive paths.However, there are other ways to penetrate the bacteria into the urinary system:
- The high road is urethral, that is, from the urethra
- Reduing route - on the contrary, from the upper urinary tract
- Lymphogenic - from other small pelvic organs
- Hematogenic is a rare way to penetrate infection from distant organs.
When a woman has cystitis symptoms, you should not be self -medicated, as the causes of the cystitis, the pathogens are a large number, and for the correct successful treatment, you must first determine them, clarify their sensitivity to antimicrobial medicines and only then to prescribe a comprehensive treatment.
Cystitis in women is rarely an isolated process, when hygiene, constipation, cooling, abuse of sharp products or alcohol, use of panties - verses, a change in a partner, a rare bladder emptying, etc.The cause of reproduction of banal pathogenic bacteria.In 80%, these are E. coli, in 15% staphylococcus, 5% of other bacteria, such as a pseudoscan, klebsiella, proteus.
- Most often, cystitis occurs against the backdrop of inflammatory processes in the vagina or for diseases of the female genitals, such as bacterial vaginosis, thick, diseases are transmitted (gonorrhea, mycoplasmosis, chlamydia, ureplasmosis), sometimes cystitis associates the female tuberculosis.Many hidden infections and tuberculosis for a long time are asymptomatic, significantly, a woman only periodically experiences some discomfort, sub -phase fever, weakness, does not visit the doctor and does not apply to diagnostic centers for the study of mild diseases.
- Extra provocative factors in cystitis development include pyelonephritis, bladder stones, urine stagnation in diverticula.
- Very often, cystitis occurs in pregnant women, this is explained by a change in microflora and vaginal, and urological tract, under the influence of endocrine restructuring and hemodynamic in a pregnant woman.
- If a woman has diabetes mellitus, frequent manifestations of allergic reactions, she undergoes persistent toxic effects or performs cancer treatment using radiation therapy - these are also risk factors for cystitis.
- Sometimes, after surgical manipulations, surgeries, endoscopic examination, the mucosa is damaged, which contributes to the development of cystitis in women.
- Symptoms of cystitis also occur during menopause, as with menopause atrophic changes in the body and the lack of estrogens are also reflected in the urogenital tract.
In addition to acute cystitis, many women suffer from a chronic inflammatory process against the background of slow infections listed above, or chronic cystitis in women is associated with the release of the uterus and vagina.
Symptoms of cystitis in women
After provocative factors, such as damage, a cold, after unprotected relationships, an infectious disease, etc., acute cystitis can occur in women, which always starts very severe, suddenly:
- Dysuria - rapid urination, gum in the bladder, burning and pain in the urethra, the constant desire to empty the bladder.
- Before urinating, a woman usually has to make efforts, pushing.The frequency of incentive is so high that a woman has to visit the toilet every 15 minutes, sometimes there is an involuntary urinary incontinence.
- Nicturia is the predominance of a night desire to empty the bladder.
- Pain usually accompanies the onset and end of the urination process.Outside the emptying process, the pain is localized only in the pubic and perineum.The intensity of the pain can be different, from mild discomfort to unbearable, strong sharp attacks.
- Almost always with cystitis in women, the urine is muddy, purulent.
- In acute cystitis, the temperature can rise to 38C, namely, weakness, deterioration of general well -being.
- Very often, after the first acute process, the relapses of the disease occur if acute cystitis develops again one month after treatment, therefore, this indicates the preservation of the infection.
- In chronic cystitis in a woman, the symptoms and treatment of the disease are identical, it is possible that the pain and frequency of urination is not so severe.During a deterioration of the chronic process, a clinical appearance of acute cystitis is possible, and during the prayer period, neither laboratory nor symptomatic data show an inflammatory process.
Cystitis treatment in women
For the treatment of acute and chronic cystitis in women, you should seek advice for both a gynecologist and a urologist.Usually in acute cystitis with adequate therapy, cure occurs literally within a week.
If the infectious nature of the appearance of cystitis in a woman is confirmed, treatment is mandatory aimed at destroying pathogenic antimicrobial microorganisms, antibiotics to which pathogens are sensitive:
- Recently, fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, phosphomycin, nitrofurans, have been widely used in women in women.These medicines for the treatment of cystitis in women have side effects and have a number of contraindications, so their use is only possible as prescribed by a physician.
- If a specific microflora is found by analysis, then treatment includes potential antiviral agents, antifungal or antimicrobial agents.
- With severe pain, antispasmodics or non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs are prescribed.
- If there are no allergic reactions to medicinal plants, then you can use different variants of phyto-a lingonberry leaves, field horses, UVA Ursi.It is better to use herbs not in bags, but the shape of the collection, dust - creating and insisting them like any ordinary decoction of medicinal plants.
- A domestic antiseptic is an effective medicine for the cystitis, a very one -time administration of this medicine.
- There are also many ready -made tablets of plant origin, which are used as auxiliary when descended with an acute inflammatory process, they should be consumed for a long time, for a more continuous effect.Kastrati also helps a lot,Cranberry drinkWith cystitis or a tablet form of the drug containing blueberry extract.
- In the treatment of cystitis, women should increase the daily amount of drunken fluid, for the rapid elimination of toxins from the body, it is also worth being respected in a low bending diet.
Cystitis Prevention - Useful tips for women
- Deflorazione cystitis and transitional urinary tract infection associated with sex life arises with a frequent change in partners if a man does not observe hygiene and no condoms in sexual intercourse are used.
- Compliance with personal hygiene is the key to the lack of restoring of bacterial cystitis.Use tools with a neutral acid-base balance for intimate hygiene.
- Check the fullness and timely emptying of the bladder, do not allow prolonged urine stagnation.
- Smoping, especially wet feet in cold weather, provoke irritation.
- Drink at least 2 liters of water, freshly squeezed juices or cranberry fruit drinks daily.
- Do not wear sheep panties if you have chronic cystitis, when wearing such linen, the intestinal stick is made very easily in the urethra.And also do not wear too tight clothes, jeans, they disrupt normal blood flow to the pelvis area.
- Construction also provokes cystitis relapses, try to include dried apricots, prunes, fresh cabbage and other fruits and vegetables in your daily diet.