Cystitis is called bladder inflammation. Most often, this problem understands women, as they are shorter and wider than men. This circumstance makes the infection penetrate here simpler and faster. In total, at different periods of life, the cystitis is sick of 20 to 40 % of the composition of women on the planet.
Causes of cystitis
Cystitis is a natural disease at all ages. The following reasons cause it mainly:
The main cause of this disease is hypothermia. The most dangerous freezing of the legs and pelvis. Therefore, you cannot sit on cold surfaces, wear exquisite silk linen in the cold season, as well as very light shoes.
The risk factor is also a sedentary job that causes blood stagnation in the veins of the pelvic areas. You can't constantly sit in one place, for example, 4-5 hours. If your tasks require this, you should try to get up more often and take 15-minute breaks.
A special category of causes capable of causing cystitis represents violations of hygiene rules. You risk acquiring this disease if:
It is necessary to release the bladder at least 5 times a day, otherwise the infection that enters the bladder is relieved due to stagnation or decomposition of urine.
Types of cystitis
Depending on the nature of the disease, the cystitis is divided into acute and chronic. The acute form persists in the presence of pronounced symptoms and occurs after a sudden provocative factor.
Chronic cystitis is characterized by lower severity of manifestations and is most often caused by other diseases.
Depending on the cause of the pathology, the cystitis is divided into primary and secondary, as well as bacterial and non -bacterial.
Bacterial inflammation of this organ is caused by infections of different origin - streptococci, enterococci, gonococci, etc. At the same time, the infection can be hematogenous, lymphogen, descending or climbing.
Nebacterial cystitis develops with irritation of the walls with medicinal, chemical or other substances. Distinguish between thermal, toxic, radiation, allergic, allergic cystitis.
If the primary disease is characterized by damage to the right of the bladder by any of these factors, then secondary cystitis develops as a result of other diseases of this or nearby organs. Thus, for example, usually accompanies urolithiasis, prostate adenoma, urethra, etc.
Symptoms of cystitis
The symptoms of this disease depend on its form. If in acute cases there is a bright clinical appearance with strong brakes with thresholds up to several times per hour of urination, then during the chronic course during prayer, signs may be absolutely missing.
The most characteristic symptoms of acute form of the disease include:
In some patients, there is also a mixture of blood in the urine, there is constantly a feeling of incomplete bladder emptying. In some patients, at the end of the urination, they are so strong that they radiate to the rectum.
If such symptoms appear in a man, you should contact a urologist immediately, as male cystitis is almost always secondary. Their main cause is most commonly prostate disease, urolithiasis, diabetes mellitus. Symptoms very similar to cystitis occur with non -mikcock urethritis.
Occasionally, the asymptomatic course of cystitis is possible. In such cases, the diagnosis is determined by chance when performing urine analysis for another reason.
Troubleshooting
In the presence of a typical clinical appearance in favor of acute cystitis, a rapid improvement in the influence of antibacterial agents speaks. Moreover, laboratory tests are considered, as well as ultrasound data.
After the disappearance of acute phenomena to clarify the diagnosis, cystoscopy is performed, which is a study of the internal state of the bladder.
For women, a gynecological examination is very important, in which the simultaneous diseases of women who contribute to the development of cystitis can be identified.
Thus, a thorough examination in the chronic cystitis consists of:
Cystitis should not be confused with urethritis, which consists of inflammation of the urethra and manifests only by brakes, burning and pain during urination. In many cases, these diseases accompany one another.
If the inflammatory process does not respond to treatment and the process acquires a prolonged character, you should find out in detail the cause of this situation. In this case, to describe the correct treatment, it is necessary to distinguish cystitis with other diseases, for example, prostatitis, bladder cancer, tuberculosis.
When making a diagnosis, it should also be taken into account that cystitis is not characterized by an increase in temperature above 37. 5 degrees. If the patient has such a symptom, he or she needs a urologist consultation to exclude kidney disease.
Treatment of cystitis
To get rid of the explosion or deterioration of this extremely unpleasant disease, you must follow the following recommendations:
In acute cystitis, antispasmodics, antibacterial drugs, herb with diuretic effects are prescribed. With pronounced pain, medicines that relieve bladder muscle spasm are recommended - noshpu, drotaver, papverine. They can be used both in the form of tablets and in the form of candles. It helps to eliminate the crib, located in the lower abdomen.
Throw plants are widely used for cystitis, lingonberry leaf, kidney tea. Blueberry, lingonberry and blueberry drinks are very useful in such a situation. There are ready -made phytopregates for such cases. The use of completed medicines gives a more expected effect on the treatment of cystitis. But the use of ready -prepared pharmacological agents does not cancel the intake of abundant warm drinks.
Warm herb baths or washing the external genitals with warm water with soda solution will help to relieve the condition after painful urination.
The diet in acute cystitis should exclude marinades, spices, salting. Dairy products, fruits, especially watermelon will be useful.
In the chronic course of the disease, the procedures are determined aimed at restoring the urine flow. These include, for example, treatment of prostate adenoma, elimination of urethra narrowing. Mandatory detection and elimination of infection seals in the body is performed. In chronic forms of cystitis, antibacterial treatment is performed only after appropriate laboratory tests - planting of urine, identification of the pathogen and its sensitivity to antibiotics.
Treatment with popular methods
People have many remedies that have a positive effect on urinary tract diseases, including cystitis. The most effective of them can be called below:
Not all patients are allowed thermal procedures in the pelvis. For example, they are contraindicated in women with fibroids or fibromyoma. In such cases, the use of diuretic plants, which should be performed for 1. 5-2 months. With phytotherapy to avoid relaxation, it is important to develop repeated courses. So, after an acute outbreak of the disease, treatment should be repeated after 2-3 months, and in the treatment of chronic forms-after 3-5 months.
A good effect with the cystitis has such a herbal collection: in equal proportions, parsley grass, thyme, St. John's mixture, dill and knorbus mixtures in equal proportions. 1 teaspoon of the mixture is poured with 1 cup boiling water and insisted. You should drink this infusion half a glass three times a day for 20 days. 3 such courses should be maintained with a 10-day break between them. Facilitation already occurs during the first course, and the full cycle helps to get rid of the old cystitis.
A rapid improvement of the condition can be obtained if a small portion of the dried flowers of a corn flow is produced with 300 g of boiling water and insist for 30 minutes. Half the part is drunk in small sips in the evening, the second half in the morning.
Acute cystitis manifestations are passed quickly if you eat 0. 5-1 L of languages at a dose. But that does not mean that further treatment should be completely stopped in this.
The effect of popular methods will be more durable if they are used in combination with diet and medication treatment.
Potential complications
With proper therapy, the symptoms disappear in 5-10 days. But often, after the home or treatment performed in a hurry, the signs of the disease disappear only for a while. The true cause of the disease remains in the body and makes itself feel immediately with the slightest hypothermia. In this case, they say the cystitis has become a chronic form.
The chronic type of disease is especially dangerous for girls, as it can lead to the back of the posterior wall of the urethra and decrease it in volume. At the same time, a wicked circle occurs, which consists of the constant nutrition of the focus of one another's infection.
In addition, if the cystitis is not enough, an infection from the bladder can penetrate the kidneys, as a result of which a more serious disease develops - pyelonephritis. At the same time, pain in the lumbar region, fever and swelling are added to frequent urination.
A serious complication of the disease that occurs in the absence of proper treatment is the development of interstitial cystitis. In this case, the infection penetrates not only the mucous layer but also into the submucosal layer as well as the wall of the muscles of the organ. Its fabrics are stuck and deformed, which includes bladder wrinkles and loss of its volume. The only way to save the patient is to surgery to complete the organ with new plastic, consisting of large intestinal tissue.
Cystitis during pregnancy
This disease, which already tries mainly women, often occurs during pregnancy. II Woman of Tenth woman learns about the existence of this disease precisely in the difficult period of holding a child.
Its occurrence in the early stages is explained by changes in the hormonal background, as well as the phenomenon of pregnancy of the pregnant woman, d. m. Th. , inhibiting immunity. Weakened immunity that allows microorganisms to grow freely and cause inflammation of the bladder mucosa. Therefore, the slightest hypothermia, the violation of the rules of hygiene, and even a sharp climate change can cause an acute cystitis in all its glory in her waiting mother.
The appearance of this disease is also facilitated by constantly increasing uterus, which squeezes the bladder and leads to a violation of the urine flow, which causes the active spread of pathogenic germs.
The difficulty of treating cystitis during pregnancy is that the medication taken can adversely affect the body of the unborn child. But at the same time, treatment should be performed immediately, as the infection can spread to the kidneys. Therefore, you need to take such medicines that will act specifically on the bladder.
Preventing cystitis
To prevent the disease, it is enough to follow some simple recommendations:
With a seated lifestyle every 20-30 minutes, you need to get up and cook and, of course, you should not be lazy to empty the bladder in time.
A good prevention of cystitis is the daily drinking of a glass of cranberry juice or taking blueberries in any other form. This natural remedy has a diuretic and disinfectant property and, as it was, interferes with the adhesion of infection to the bladder walls.